Researchers make 6D measurement of an accelerator beam
- Auteur:Ella Cai
- Relâchez le:2018-08-13
Chinese researchers are claiming an organic solar cell record – 17.3% efficiency under standard sunlight conditions from a solution-processes structure – as opposed to more-complex vacuum processing.
The cell is a tandem device, where wavelength coverage is increased by using two different junctions. In this case the materials were tuned so that the junctions complement one another – the front cell absorbing 300-720nm, while the rear cell handles 720-1,000nm.
Taking the more challenging route, both cells are connected in series rather than being measured separately within the materials stack. With a series connection, current/unit area is locked together in the cells, forcing one or both to work at a non-ideal operating point.
The materials are modern complex organic compounds designed for photovoltaic use, know by the abbreviations:
Researchers at the University of Tennessee at Knoxville announce that they have made the first-ever 6D measurement of an accelerator beam.
Taking measurements in 6D includes the same dimensions of a 3D measurement, plus additional data points for the velocity in each direction along the x, yand z axes.
Until now, scientists stitched together three 2D measurements to create a representation of a 6D measurement.
“The 6D space is more complicated than everyone thought, and it’s impossible to see this complexity in low dimensions,” says lead researcher Sarah Cousineau, “for years, we have been making assumptions in our models based on incomplete information, and we now know that those assumptions are wrong.”
The measurement was conducted in a beam test facility at the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory using a replica of the Spallation Neutron Source’s linear accelerator, or linac
“If you’re going to build an accelerator science program, it makes sense to do it where you have the world’s most powerful accelerator in your backyard,” says Cousineau.
“This research is vital to our understanding if we’re going to build accelerators capable of reaching hundreds of megawatts,” adds Cousineau, “we’ll be studying this for the next decade, and SNS is better positioned to do this than any other facility in the world.”
The cell is a tandem device, where wavelength coverage is increased by using two different junctions. In this case the materials were tuned so that the junctions complement one another – the front cell absorbing 300-720nm, while the rear cell handles 720-1,000nm.
Taking the more challenging route, both cells are connected in series rather than being measured separately within the materials stack. With a series connection, current/unit area is locked together in the cells, forcing one or both to work at a non-ideal operating point.
The materials are modern complex organic compounds designed for photovoltaic use, know by the abbreviations:
Researchers at the University of Tennessee at Knoxville announce that they have made the first-ever 6D measurement of an accelerator beam.
Taking measurements in 6D includes the same dimensions of a 3D measurement, plus additional data points for the velocity in each direction along the x, yand z axes.
Until now, scientists stitched together three 2D measurements to create a representation of a 6D measurement.
“The 6D space is more complicated than everyone thought, and it’s impossible to see this complexity in low dimensions,” says lead researcher Sarah Cousineau, “for years, we have been making assumptions in our models based on incomplete information, and we now know that those assumptions are wrong.”
The measurement was conducted in a beam test facility at the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory using a replica of the Spallation Neutron Source’s linear accelerator, or linac
“If you’re going to build an accelerator science program, it makes sense to do it where you have the world’s most powerful accelerator in your backyard,” says Cousineau.
“This research is vital to our understanding if we’re going to build accelerators capable of reaching hundreds of megawatts,” adds Cousineau, “we’ll be studying this for the next decade, and SNS is better positioned to do this than any other facility in the world.”
